In this year of Ronald Reagan’s centennial, there’s talk of yet another new memorial, this one to his famous “Evil Empire” speech in March 8, 1983 in Orlando, where he decried the Soviet Union’s “totalitarian darkness.”
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Count me among the growing chorus of Republicans taking recent offense at our own party committee. The late William F. Buckley (if so inclined) could probably have found a more artful word to describe the Republican National Committee’s now notorious “evil empire” fundraising presentation, but there is sometimes beauty in simplicity: It was, in a word, thoughtless. It was also an insult to history.
Last month, the Republican National Committee gave the PowerPoint presentation to donors with a slide titled “Evil Empire,” depicting President Barack Obama as the Joker and including cartoons of Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.). Others have decried it as a profound lapse in judgment. I agree (and Chairman Michael Steele has admitted as much). But while we all react with incredulity as if the presentation was the first time a political party has used inappropriate language and caricature for political purposes, it needs to be denounced for an additional reason — it shows a lack of appreciation and understanding for the phrase used by President Ronald Reagan to define moral clarity during the Cold War.
Reagan’s courageous use of that phrase, at that time, was one of the seminal moments of clarity in the West’s fight to win the Cold War. And those words and the moral courage behind them served as an inspiration to me and many in my generation. It shaped us the way John F. Kennedy’s Berlin speech did for that generation.
Twenty-seven years ago this month in Orlando, Reagan uttered the words that marked the beginning of the end of the Cold War, the nuclear arms race and Soviet totalitarianism:
“I urge you to beware the temptation of pride, the temptation of blithely declaring yourselves above it all and label both sides equally at fault, to ignore the facts of history and the aggressive impulses of an evil empire, to simply call the arms race a giant misunderstanding and thereby remove yourself from the struggle between right and wrong and good and evil,” he said.
As Reagan spoke, Natan Sharansky, a Jewish refusenik, was a prisoner of that “evil empire.” Yet word reached him and other prisoners that a world leader had the courage to challenge the intrinsic immorality of the Soviet regime. Sharansky later described that “great brilliant moment when we learned that Ronald Reagan had proclaimed the Soviet Union as an evil empire before the entire world. … It was the brightest, most glorious day … the beginning of a new revolution, a freedom revolution — Reagan’s revolution.”
The phrase “evil empire” may be used facetiously by others (notably in sports by rivals of the New York Yankees), but it has profound implications when used by the very party committee of the president who first used it. The RNC presentation is thus an insult to what galvanized many of us to go into politics. It lifts the phrase away from its moment in time, its rooting in the Cold War struggle between freedom and totalitarianism, and debases it to mere partisan sniping.
The RNC is of course within its rights to criticize the Obama administration and the Democratic leadership. Heck, that’s part of its job. We as Republicans can disagree with our friends across the aisle on important issues. The political stakes today are indeed high. But word choice matters. Context matters. Misusing a historically significant phrase such as “evil empire” is an insult to them and to us. It degrades the importance and meaning of Reagan’s seminal speech. It degrades the perspective we should hold that moment in. But most importantly, it degrades history and trivializes the human rights abuses suffered by millions during the Cold War.
Elliot S. Berke is establishing the Evil Empire Speech Memorial Foundation to properly memorialize President Ronald Reagan’s speech in Orlando, Fla. A Washington, D.C., attorney focusing on political law, he can be reached at esberke@berkelawdc.com.
Elliot S. Berke
Special To The Sentinel
March 4, 2008
Twenty-five years ago this week, President Ronald Reagan came to Orlando and delivered one of the most influential foreign-policy addresses ever given on American soil. To the text of an otherwise conventional speech to the National Association of Evangelicals, Reagan added the paragraph that marked the beginning of the end of the Cold War, the nuclear arms race, and Soviet totalitarianism:
“I urge you to beware the temptation of pride,” warned Reagan, “the temptation of blithely declaring yourselves above it all and label both sides equally at fault, to ignore the facts of history and the aggressive impulses of an Evil Empire, to simply call the arms race a giant misunderstanding and thereby remove yourself from the struggle between right and wrong and good and evil,” he said.
That same day, Natan Sharansky, the Jewish refusnik, was in a cell in Siberia, a prisoner of that “evil empire.” Even in the darkest corners of the Soviet gulag, word reached the prisoners that a hero had risen in the West and challenged the intrinsic immorality of the Soviet regime. Twenty years later, Sharansky described that “great brilliant moment when we learned that Ronald Reagan had proclaimed the Soviet Union as an Evil Empire before the entire world. . . . It was the brightest, most glorious day . . . the beginning of a new revolution, a freedom revolution — Reagan’s Revolution.”
Not since Winston Churchill declared that an Iron Curtain had descended over Eastern Europe had a world leader described the stranglehold Soviet communism had on human freedom with such moral clarity. At the time, Reagan was criticized for his undiplomatic frankness; today, he is universally remembered for his courage and vision. In many ways, Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech and Reagan’s Evil Empire speeches are linked as rhetorical bookends to the underlying saga that was the Cold War. While Churchill exposed the veil descending over the world’s view of the evils and human-rights abuses of the communist regime, Reagan peeled it back to reveal the horrors behind.
In the years that followed, Reagan’s challenge was answered by a ringing chorus of hundreds of millions of people ultimately freed when the Soviet Union came apart and the Iron Curtain came down. The West’s victory in the Cold War was one of the great triumphs in all of human history, and the Evil Empire speech remains the signal moment when America finally shook off its doubt and malaise and spoke again in the terms of victory and in the names of all who longed to be free. It was a moment when America became America again.
The overwhelming outpouring of respect and gratitude by the American people upon Reagan’s death erased forever the partisan aspects of his legacy. He no longer belongs to the Republican Party but to all of us: the last, great unifying figure from our past, great conflict on behalf of freedom. The speech, too, is no longer provocative but evocative, harkening back to a moment of national unity and resolve.
Reagan’s speech in Orlando remains as inspiring and timely today as it was when he delivered it, a timeless memorial to all those who stand in defiance of evil and defense of the defenseless. It is time this speech was memorialized in more than words and memories. In Fulton, Mo., where Churchill gave his Iron Curtain speech, a memorial to the old lion reminds visitors of what he said and did to defeat oppression in his time.
Yet no suitable memorial exists to date in Orlando to commemorate the Evil Empire speech. It is time for Orlando to recognize the historical significance of Reagan’s speech, so future generations can not only remember what he said and what we did to win the Cold War, but also those trapped behind the Iron Curtain. This community was honored to host this pivotal moment in the history of freedom, and the time has come to memorialize what was said, who said it, and for whom.
Elliot S. Berke grew up in the Orlando area and is now an attorney in Washington, D.C. He can be reached at esberke@yahoo.com.
Originally published in the Orlando Sentinel